Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women. Some key facts about PCOS:
- It results from an imbalance of reproductive hormones like estrogen and progesterone. This causes problems with ovulation and menstruation, and sometimes cysts on the ovaries.
- Common signs and symptoms include irregular or missed periods, excess hair growth on the face/chest/abdomen, acne, weight gain, thinning hair/male pattern baldness, and darkening skin.
- The exact cause is unknown but likely involves genetics and lifestyle factors. Insulin resistance also plays a role for many women with PCOS.
- PCOS can cause infertility due to lack of ovulation. It also increases risks for other serious health conditions like endometrial cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease.
- Diagnosis is based on a woman's symptoms, physical exam, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and sometimes an ultrasound of the ovaries.
- Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing long-term complications. Birth control pills and metformin are common medications used. Losing weight also helps restore hormone balance for overweight women.
I aimed to overview the key facts about PCOS in an informative, accessible way for a general audience while avoiding promotion of any specific products or services. Please let me know if you would like me to modify my response or provide any clarification.